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Θ SERO-PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B INFECTION AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING GENERAL HOSPITAL, CALABAR

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TITLE:	SERO-PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B INFECTION AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING GENERAL HOSPITAL, CALABAR
ABSTRACT:	ABSTRACT The sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B infection was investigated among patients attending General Hospital, Calabar by a prospective and a retrospective study. A total of 200 sera specimens collected by simple random sampling from patients were screened for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using Hepatitis B surface antigen rapid test strip (HBV ACON strips) in May and June 2010. A retrospective survey was also carried by collecting data from the records units on patients screened for Hepatitis B infection from January 2005 to December 2009. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS version 15 to test for significant difference at 95 % confidence interval. For the prospective study, a total of 26 (13 %) patients were positive for the infection. Based on sex, cases among male patients with 16 (16.8 %) was higher but not significantly different (p>0.05) from cases among female patients with 10 (9.5 %). Age group 21-30 years had the highest rate of infection with 11 (25 %) males and 6 (10.9 %) females. Based on occupation “petite traders” with males 7 (24.1 %) and females 3 (8.8 %) were more infected though not significantly different (p>0.05) from others. Based on purpose of visit to the hospital, patients on routine check up were more affected with 15 (11.5 %) but not significantly different (p>0.05) from other cases. Patients from Calabar South Local Government recorded the highest rate of infection with 12 (15.6 %) infection rates. The result of the retrospective survey shows a total of 24 (13.3 %) of the patients tested positive for Hepatitis B virus. The number of infections recorded in the year 2005 with 8 (3.6 %) was significantly higher (p<0.05) while cases recorded in the year 2009 with 2 (1.5 %) were significantly (p<0.05) the least. In conclusion, the above study shows that prevalence of Hepatitis B was found to be high and most commonly observed among young people in Calabar. This may constitute a public health threat to residence of Calabar. General preventive measures such as health education, safe sex, improvement of personal hygiene and strict attention to asepsis and sterilization should be encouraged.
STATUS:	Concluded
YEAR PUBLISHED:	2010
RESEARCHER'S DETAIL:	MB/07/004
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